A white solid is going to form down here. To increase, obviously, since we're pouring theĬontents of one into the other. Let's pour the contents of, let's say, this beaker into this beaker. Now let's say we add theĬontents of one beaker to the other beaker. So an aqueous solution of silver nitrate means we have silver cations in solution, Ag+, and nitrate anions, No3. Let's say we have another beaker that contains a solution Now let's say we have one beaker that contains a solution of NaCl, so an aqueous solution of NaCl has sodium cations in solution and chloride anions in solution. Now we have sodium ions in solution, so we write an aq hereįor aqueous sodium ions, and we have chlorideĪnions also in solution, so we write an aq here. The way that you see that written, you would write, here we have solid sodium chloride, which we put into water, our solvent, and the water molecules We formed a solution, an aqueous solution, of sodium chloride. Surrounded by water molecules and each chloride anion is The chloride anion is surroundedīy our water molecules, so once again, the process of hydration. Positive hydrogens interacting with our negatively-charged Once again, this interaction is going to pull off that chloride anion and move it into solution. Same for this molecule of water, partially positive hydrogen. Opposite charges attract, the positive charge is going to interact with the negative charge. But this time, the negative charge would be attracted to the positive part of our polar molecule, right? The oxygen is partially negative and this hydrogen here Right up here, the chlorideĪnion is negatively charged. The same thing would happen with the chloride anions. This is the process of hydration, where the ion is surrounded and stabilized by a shell of our solvent molecules. The water molecules break the ionic bonds, pull off the sodium cations, surround the sodium cation. The sodium cation, right? So the water is a dipole and the sodium cation is an ion. Negative oxygens, right? Partial negative oxygens are going to interact with So the water molecules are going to pull off the sodium cations and eventually give you Would do the same, right? So partial negative charge attracted to the positiveĬharge on the sodium. We have one water molecule here attracted to this sodium cation, and this water molecule The negative charge on the oxygen is going to interact Partial negative charge and these hydrogens get a The oxygen is more electronegative than the hydrogens here. Sodium chloride into water, remember, water is a polar molecule. That's holding together our ionic crystal. Or the positive charge, is attracted to the chloride anion with a negative charge. The ionic bonds, right? So the sodium cation, If you look more closely at sodium chloride, solid sodium chloride is an ionic crystal. So the sodium chloride is our solute and the water will be our solvent. And that right there is supposed to be our pile of salt. Some solid sodium chloride, so some salt.
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